Relationship Between Naxalism and Psychology

Connection Between Naxalism and Psychology General Mental activity is as old as war. It has shaped a piece of the compromise procedure since the old occasions. CH Brewitt Taylor in his interpretation of a Chines text as San Kuo or Romance of the three realm, sees that, as right on time as in AD 2000 a gathering of expert Han supporters joined fundamental components of mental instrument, in compromise. Kautalya and Sun Tzu additionally identified the significance of brain research as an instrument of war. One could likewise hypothesize that the foundation of remuneration and disciplines, in addition to other things, just like a mental inspiration. Naxalism then again is essentially about persuading individuals by mental methods utilizing brutality or danger of viciousness as a device. It has a place in the domains of mental and mental demeanor of the considerable number of individuals included. In this manner, when naxals propagate savagery they expect responses of all concerned. On the off chance that responses are not anticipated, naxalism will crumple for need of impact. This is a misrepresentation of an answer for naxalism. Activities, rough or something else, will undoubtedly inspire responses from the people in question, the spectators or the satiate mechanical assembly. The inquiry than is what ought to be the response to naxal acts? While no single strategy is probably going to yield results, mental activities would have a significant effect. The way that naxalism is an issue in the mental plane, the arrangement ought to likewise lie in a similar plane. The naxals utilizes savagery for publicity and thus the administration tries to control naxalism through oppressive methods. The security outcome is the open disappointment. What should be considered is that the very idea of naxal viciousness regularly appears to be counterproductive in that it will in general fortify opposition, give open shock and abhorrence, create solid open impression of naxals to be cruel, which subverts the naxals cases to authenticity. Accordingly, understanding the naxals, the people in question, the spectators and the counter fear monger power from the mental perspective gets significant. Therefore, counter purposeful publicity battle and other mental activities expect power to keep up or stretch out help to the system and lessen that for the naxals. Proclamation of the Problem Naxalism has wide spread in most recent five years in a major way representing a majorâ challenge to our national security. Notwithstanding tenacious enemy of Naxalâ operations being embraced and improvement of influenced regions there is a needâ for observation the board of every single key player required by utilizing suitableâ psychological activity subjects to slice off neighborhood backing to the Naxalitesâ there by driving them to surrender arms and join the national standard. Â This thesis will try to build up the linkages among naxalism and brain research so as to break down effect of mental procedure on managing naxalism Support for the Study Naxalism today has picked up all inclusiveness. This social plague while physical in a large portion of its signs is very dug in the psychological plane. Reactions to naxalism, especially in the Indian setting, have been unstructured without a drawn out structure. The issue has been seen either as a lawfulness issue or in the opposite finish of the range, as a political issue. Added to the intricacy of naxalism, we have today in our nation, on going war like low force struggle in J K, revolt in the Northeast and political gatherings of Naxalites and central associations like SIMI. Be that as it may, our reaction to every one of these gatherings has been indistinguishable severe measures. No exertion is made to comprehend the philosophy of the gatherings. An away from of the reason for the gatherings and attributes of each would empower use of unmistakable system to battle them. Extension The paper will lay accentuation on naxalism and its field of impact. It is assumed that the directs of mental tasks, with minor changes would discover application in every single other type of fear based oppression. Theory Work of reasonable Psychological Operation Themes for observation the board of every single key player notwithstanding tenacious utilization of power and improvement exercises is the way to taking care of the issue of Naxalism in India. Review The exposition will attempt to build up the relationship of naxalism and mental components of naxals. Having done as such, the effect and significance of mental procedure on battling naxalites will be solidified. The examination will incorporate: (an) Analyses of explanations behind spread of Naxalism. (b) Current procedure of Government in managing Naxalism. (c) Identification of Targets for lead of Psychological tasks . (d) Suggested Themes. Wellsprings of Data The information utilized in this thesis has been acquired from books and magazines accessible in the College library and individual encounters of working in Counter Insurgency condition. The book reference is at supplement. Section 2 Bit by bit, intangibly, humankind has plummeted into the time of fear. Paul Johnson Beginning OF NAXALISM Naxalism gets its name from a little town Naxalbari in Siliguri District of West Bengal, where the abused landless ranchers rose against the misuse by the well off proprietors. The Naxalites, in spite of theirâ ideology, have throughout the years becomeâ just another psychological oppressor outfit, coercing cash from landowners. There are worries that there is an arrangement to set up a Red Corridor or a Compact Revolutionary Zone reaching out from Nepal , Bihar , Jharkhand , through the Bastar region of Chhattisgarh to Andhra Pradesh. Impassive Government Policy; Consolidation and Spread of the Movement The Government, be that as it may, characterized these as financial and lawfulness issues and not as conceivable inward security dangers. Along these lines, a nearsighted perspective on the issue was taken and long haul impacts or aims of the development were disregarded. The arrangement of The Communist Party of India (Maoist), an underground outfit on September 21, 2004, through the merger of the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) and the Maoist Communist Centre(MCC) was the greatest discovery lately. The guide beneath, shows the spread of Naxal movement in India from 55 regions in the year 2003.â notwithstanding the 131 regions as of now affected by the Naxalites, and the extra 34 regions that are being focused by them, there are at any rate another 63 areas in the nation differently harrowed by various examples of ethnic or mutual psychological warfare and insurrection. This takes the quantity of regions beset by psychological warfare and uprising to 228, out a sum of 602 regions in the nation. In excess of 33% of the nation is, subsequently, experiencing high degrees of present or likely issue. CURRENT STATUS Extension and Consolidation A sum of 39 remaining wg fanatic gps are known to exist, of which the PWG and MCC are the two principle gps. These two gps have maj ideological contrasts, yet so as to have more noteworthy impact and bartering power they declared the merger on 21 Sep 04 to shape the Communist Party of India CPI (Maoist). Naxalism has spread to 170 dists of 15 states in differing deg. It is esmt that CPI (Maoist) has approx 7000 frameworks of which 3000 are bad-to-the-bone and very much prepared in GW. Dandakaryna and Abhujmadh Naxalites operation in the very heartland of India, known as the Dandakaryna locale which spreads over Chhattisgarh, Orissa, AP, Maharastra and MP. The core of this locale is the thickly forested territory of Abhujmadh which is approx 10,000 sq kms. This territory till date has not been overviewed by the Svy of India. Almost 20,000 ancestral families live around there in 237 vills in the most crude way. There are no rds or power here. The Naxalites treat it as a completely freed region and an enormous No. of trg and lgs camps are loc inside. It is the operational hub of all Naxalite exercises to incl Central Committee and Politburo mtgs. Minimal Revolutionary Zone (CRZ) The Maoist of Nepal, PWG and MCC are resolved to cut out what they call as the CRZ reaching out from Nepal through Bihar and afterward to Dandakaryna district upto Tamil Nadu to give them access to Bay of Bengal and Indian Ocean. This Red hallway is portrayed by thick wildernesses, innate belts and under devp district spread over about 13 conditions of the nation and Nepal. The Naxalites and Maoists of Nepal utilize this passageway for mov of arms and est of trg and rest camps. Variables SUSTAINING THE MOV So as to discover a reaction to the issue of Naxalism, it is basic to comprehend the basic causes and the elements which are continuing the mov. Land Reforms. Lion's share of the individuals emp in farming are landless and poor, they try to have land and this has brought about a battle against the rich and ground-breaking landowners. Naxalites abuse this slant and have discovered kindness among the tribals. Philosophy. The philosophy works at two levels :- (a) The Informed and Knowledgeable. The accomplished and proficient join the mov pulled in by the Marxist, Leninist and Maoist way of thinking. They give the ldrship. (b) The Instinctive Revolutionaries. Greater part of the Naxals join the mov to discover a departure from the mistreatment and expl on account of landowners, govt authorities and police powers. These individuals establish greater part of the framework and are regularly uninformed about philosophy. Inborn Policies. English embraced the arrangement of Isolation of Tribals so as to save their uniqueness and societies however we keep on following their strategy for the sake of conservation. This has prompted disregard, under devp and expl of the tribals. New Forest Policy. The backwoods territories have been told under Forest Regulatory Act accordingly denying the tribals their conventional methods for business. Absence of Infrastructure Devp. The territories influenced by the naxal mov are extremely wealthy in backwoods and mine

Shannon Crockett 1 Essays

Shannon Crockett 1 Essays Shannon Crockett 1 Essay Shannon Crockett 1 Essay furthermore, B. Duran) Casualties regularly have some normal qualities which confound yet smooth out mindfulness during the advising experience. Insights show ladies who are survivors of aggressive behavior at home regularly in high rates in the accompanying classes: Abuse liquor or different substances. Have been recently manhandled. Are pregnant. Are poor and have constrained help. Have accomplices who misuse liquor or different substances. Have left their abuser previously. Have mentioned a limiting request against the abuser. Are individuals from ethnic minority or worker gatherings. Have customary convictions that ladies ought to be accommodating to men. Try not to communicate in English. While it happens far less frequently than men battering ladies, ladies here and there player their male accomplices. How frequently ladies misuse men is the subject of much discussion. â€Å"Studies report that ladies are survivors of aggressive behavior at home in any event multiple times more frequently than men. † (Malcoe, L. , and B. Duran) However, some men’s bunches contend that data on battered men is erroneous. One explanation behind this, they state, is that a few information have most likely been kept out of studies since it is ‘politically incorrect’ or ‘embarrassing’. Likewise, a lady hit by a man is bound to be truly harmed than a man who is hit by a lady. Thus, male casualties are more averse to look for clinical consideration or other assistance. So pundits state that insights dependent on reports to experts or reports of emergency clinic treatment doesn’t mirror the genuine number of male casualties. Male backers likewise contend that men don’t get equivalent insurance under the abusive behavior at home laws. In South Carolina there are no DV covers for men. The courts and police have recently rehearsed a twofold standard-when men are harmed and report the assault to the police, they are not paid attention to. â€Å"Victimization rates shift among various minority populaces. The most elevated announced rates are for Native American ladies. † (Malcoe, L. , and B. Duran) Incidentally this male populace likewise has the most noteworthy revealed liquor abuse rate. Relationship of Domestic Violence Victims to Offenders Victim to Offender RelationshipNumberPct. Beau/Girlfriend15,23628. 4 Spouse14,97727. 9 Common law spouse5,3119. 9 Sibling3,7757. 0 Parent3,5366. 6 Other family member3,2576. 1 Child3,0985. 8 Ex-spouse1,2852. 4 In-law1,1552. 1 Stepchild7011. 3 Stepparent5381. 0 Grandparent2310. 4 Child of kid/girlfriend2170. 4 Grandchild1860. 3 Homosexual Relation1170. 2 Stepsibling740. 1 Babysitter310. Source: SCIBRS, SLED Domestic Violence Victims by Race and Sex Race/SexNumberPct. White female20,22237. 7 Non-white female19,98237. 2 White male6,93612. 9 Non-white male6,51712. 1 Note: There were 68 cases in which either race or sex was accounted for as obscure. Source: SCIBRS, SLED It is critical to take note of that albeit white abusive behavior at home casualties dwarf non-white abusive behavior at home casualties, the white populace in South Carolina is roughly double the size of the non-white populace. Ethnicity, characterized inside SCIBRS as Hispanic or non-Hispanic, was not a noteworthy factor. Just 337 (0. %) casualties of abusive behavior at home were accounted for to be Hispanic. Survivors of aggressive behavior at home were all the more regularly youthful and moderately aged grown-ups. The single biggest age gathering of aggressive behavior at home casualties was the age 26 to 34 gathering which represents 30. 4%. Directing casualties of any ethnicity ought to be done in a way which doesn't gathering or arrange casualties dependent on racial inclinations or slang musings. Aggressive behavior at home Victims by Age Group AgeNumberPct. 0 to 122,3234. 3 13 to 173,7947. 1 18 to 2411,42921. 4 25 to 3416,25130. 4 35 to 4412,82124. 0 45 to 544,5278. 5 55 to 641,3662. 6 65 and older9191. 7 Note: 295 cases missing age information Source: SCIBRS, SLED The directing field ought to be careful of being increasingly touchy to a particular age bunch as being powerless despite the fact that defenselessness is obvious in certain gatherings. Permitting yourself to feel more compassion for one gathering stanzas another could without much of a stretch be seen as you accepting maybe another gathering could have some way or another forestalled the maltreatment. Audra J. Bowlus Shannon Seitz, 2006. Aggressive behavior at home, Employment, And Divorce, International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 7(4), pages 1113-1149, November. Catalano, S. Private Partner Violence in the United States. Washington, DC: U. S. Branch of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, December 2007, www. ojp. usdoj. gov/bjs/private/ipv. htm Hugo Mialon Sue Mialon, 2006. Viciousness against ladie s, social learning, and discouragement, Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Springer, vol. 16(4), pages 367-382, October. Malcoe, L. , and B. Duran. â€Å"Intimate Partner Violence and Injury in the Lives of Low-Income can Women. † Violence Within the Family, including National Institute of Justice, award number 5R03-DA/AA11154. Washington, DC: U. S. Division of Justice, National Institute of Justice, 2004, NCJ 199703. ncjrs. gov/App/Publications/unique. aspx? ID=199703 Criminal Offense Definitions Aggravated Assault: An unlawful assault by one individual upon another wherein the wrongdoer utilizes a weapon or showcases it in a compromising way, or the casualty endures clear serious or disturbed real injury including obvious broken bones, loss of teeth, conceivable interior injury, extreme slash, or loss of awareness. This likewise incorporates attack with sickness (as in situations when the guilty party knows that he/she is tainted with a destructive malady and intentionally endeavors to exact the ailment by gnawing, spitting, and so forth ). Coercive Fondling: The contacting of the private body portions of someone else with the end goal of sexual delight, persuasively as well as against that person’s will; or not coercively or against that person’s will where the casualty is unequipped for giving assent on account of his/her childhood or due to his/her brief or changeless mental or physical insufficiency. Coercive Sodomy: Oral or butt-centric sex with someone else, persuasively as well as against that person’s will; or not coercively or against the person’s will where the casualty is unequipped for giving assent due to his/her childhood or in view of his/her transitory or changeless mental or physical inadequacy. Inbreeding: Non-persuasive sex between people who are identified with one another inside the degrees wherein marriage is disallowed by law. Terrorizing: To unlawfully put someone else in sensible dread of real mischief using undermining words and additionally other direct, however without showing a weapon or exposing the casualty to genuine physical assault. Murder: The tenacious (non-careless) executing of one individual by another. Assault: The sex with of an individual, persuasively and additionally against that person’s will; or not coercively or against the person’s will where the casualty is unequipped for giving assent as a result of his/her impermanent or lasting mental or physical insufficiency. This does exclude legally defined sexual assault. ) Robbery: The taking, or endeavoring to take, anything of significant worth under fierce condition from the control, authority, or care of someone else forcibly or danger of power or viciousness as well as by placing the casualty in dread of prompt mischief. Basic Assault: An unlawful physical assault by one individual upon another where neither the guilty party shows a weapon, nor the casualty endures evident extreme or bothered real injury including clear broken bones, loss of teeth, conceivable inner injury, serious cut, or loss of cognizance. Rape with an Object: To utilize an item or instrument to unlawfully enter, anyway somewhat, the genital or butt-centric opening of the body of someone else, persuasively or potentially against that person’s will; or not coercively or against the person’s will where the casualty is unequipped for giving assent as a result of his/her childhood or in light of his/her brief or lasting mental or physical inadequacy. Legally defined sexual assault: Non-persuasive sex with an individual who is under the legal period of assent. (FBI, 1996) For a considerable length of time casualties of abusive behavior at home have been named mutually dependent. Coming up next is a lot of qualities of a mutually dependent as offered by Co-Dependents Anonymous, contrasted and the truth of a lady who is mishandled. Mutually dependent: I assume liability for others emotions and additionally practices. Mishandled: I am considered answerable for my abusers emotions or potentially practices. Mutually dependent: I feel excessively liable for others emotions and additionally practices. Mishandled: For my wellbeing, I should know about my abusers sentiments and additionally practices. Mutually dependent: I experience issues communicating my emotions. Manhandled: If I express my sentiments, I imperil my security. Mutually dependent: I experience issues in shaping or potentially keeping up cozy connections. Manhandled: It is perilous for me to shape or keep up cozy connections. Mutually dependent: I fear being harmed or dismissed. Manhandled: Having been harmed and dismissed, I am frightened of re-exploitation. Mutually dependent: I will in general cruelly judge all that I do, think, or state, by somebody elses norms. Nothing is done, said or thought sufficient. Mishandled: My abuser brutally passes judgment on all that I do, think, or state. Nothing I do is adequate. Mutually dependent: I address or overlook my own qualities to interface with critical others. I esteem others suppositions more than my own. Manhandled: My qualities and suppositions are addressed/overlooked by my abuser. For my security I don't communicate my own assessments. Mutually dependent: My co nfidence is supported by external/different impacts. Mishandled: My confidence is methodicallly crushed by my abusers strategies. Che

How Apps Can Be Used for Eating Disorder Recovery

How Apps Can Be Used for Eating Disorder Recovery Eating Disorders Treatment Print How Apps Can Be Used for Eating Disorder Recovery By Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, CEDS facebook twitter linkedin Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, is a certified eating disorders expert and clinical psychologist who provides cognitive behavioral psychotherapy. Learn about our editorial policy Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, CEDS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on February 20, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on August 01, 2019 Hero Images, Getty Images More in Eating Disorders Treatment Symptoms Diagnosis Awareness and Prevention New technology in the form of applications (AKA “apps”) offers potential risks and benefits for patients with eating disorders. Dangers of Fitness Trackers for Patients With Eating Disorders Although the impact of fitness trackers on clients with eating disorders has not yet been well studied, anecdotal evidence and some early research suggest these applications may be detrimental. People with eating disorders frequently obsess about the number of calories they are consuming and burning. Many health apps emphasize tracking the ingestion and expenditure of calories. In addition, they encourage the user to reduce intake, increase energy expenditure and set increasingly extreme goals, all behaviors that are consistent with eating disorders. In one study of people with eating disorders, 75% of participants reported using My Fitness Pal, a calorie-counting mobile app that allows users to track and input their daily food intake. Of these users, 73% believed the app had contributed to their eating disorder.   Eating Disorder Recovery Apps On the other hand, there are also several eating disorder recovery apps that may be helpful to people with eating disorders. Some of these applications embody or support principles of evidence-based treatments such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). One particularly important feature that some apps provide is self-monitoring, which is also a hallmark of CBT for many mental disorders. In the treatment of eating disorders, self-monitoring involves recording food consumed along with accompanying thoughts and feelings. App-based self-monitoring offers several advantages over paper monitoring. As most individuals keep their smartphones with them much of the time, using the apps may facilitate more real-time monitoring, providing both greater convenience and accuracy. While fitness apps and eating disorder recovery self-monitoring apps both incorporate tracking, each differs in focus. Fitness apps primarily track numbers and data, such as caloric intake. Eating disorder recovery apps, on the other hand, are concerned more with tracking the thoughts and feelings associated with eating than with the specific amounts. This distinction is significant. Below is information about two of the more popular eating disorder apps that include self-monitoring. Recovery Record A 2014 study by Jurascio and colleagues found Recovery Record to be the most comprehensive eating disorder treatment app on the market. It contains features including self-monitoring, personalized coping strategies, social connections, and a portal to connect with the user’s clinician. It also contains components of cognitive-behavioral based interventions. Users can enter food, thoughts, feelings, and urges to use compensatory behaviors. The app offers assistance with coping strategies and goal setting in addition to the ability to set reminders. Additional features include meal planning, rewards, affirmations, and the potential to connect with others. The app also allows therapists to monitor their patients use of the app. Although many patients find this feature an added benefit, some may feel its intrusive. Rise Up Recover Rise Up is another popular and well-regarded app. Rise Up has a comparable self-monitoring feature that allows for recording of daily meals and snacks, emotions, and “target behaviors” such as bingeing and purging. The app encourages the use of coping skills during times of distress. Users can share motivational quotes, images, and affirmations. They can access additional information sources such as music, podcasts, articles, and a treatment directory. The app can also export meal data to share with members of the user’s treatment team. What to Look for in an Eating Disorder Recovery App Apps come and go. Depending on when you read this, the suggestions above may no longer be state of the art or available. Finding an app with the right features is more important than any specific title. We offer the following suggestions on what to look for: Self-monitoring of food intake without calorie counting. Self-monitoring is a well-researched and important element of eating disorder treatment. Calorie-counting, however, is not recommended because it may increase obsessive thinking.Fields to log behaviors, thoughts, and feelings. Recovery involves becoming more aware of feelings and thoughts as well as changing behaviors. Thus, an app used for recovery should have fields to log this information.Motivation and/or coping strategies. Apps that incorporate ways to remind you of what you might want to try or already know (but can need a reminder at the moment) can be supportive. A Word From Verywell Remember that an app is not a substitute for treatment. It is always a good idea to discuss the use of an eating-related app with your treatment team.

Symbolism Between C.S. Lewis´ The Lion, The Witch and The...

The symbolism between C.S. Lewis’ The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe, the fourth book in The Chronicles of Narnia, and the New Testament in the Bible, particularly the account of Jesus’ death is not merely coincidental because The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe is, in fact, an allegory. An allegory is a story with morals in which characters, plots and settings are used as symbols. The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe, by C.S. Lewis is rich with Christian symbolism even though the allegorical nature of it is the subject of much controversy. Nonetheless, The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe is an allegory. In this tale, four ordinary children find a wardrobe that leads them into Narnia, an extraordinary land parallel to our universe†¦show more content†¦Mr. and Mrs. Beaver are symbolic of guardian angels since they are forever trying to help the Pevensies by guiding them to safety and leading them through the snow. Some critics also argue that the Beavers ar e a representation of Moses. The fox represents people who do not seem to be religious but when tested are proved to be very pious and like the fox, willing to give up their lives for the sake of their beliefs. Aslan is symbolic to Jesus, God, and the goodness of the world. C. S. Lewis seems to have taken the form or Aslan as a lion for the Bible as well. â€Å"See, the Lion of the tribe of Judah, the Root of David, has triumphed† (Revelations 5:5). Lewis tells the story of the Paschal Mystery through Aslan. The plots and settings of The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe only further prove that Narnia is an allegory. Edmund betraying Aslan is the same as us betraying God, yet Aslan as does God, rescues Edmund and is prepared to give his life for him. Aslan knowing he has to die to give Edmund life makes a treaty with the White Witch to sacrifice his life over Edmund’s and naturally, the White Witch is overjoyed and readily agrees, forgetting the â€Å"deep magic†. Christ was who died on the cross in payment for our sins and Aslan died for Edmund. On the way to Calvary, Jesus remained silent, as did Aslan. It is said that Aslan could have killed them all with one swipe of his paws and it was said that Jesus could have killedShow MoreRelatedC.S. Lewis’s The Lion, The Witch, and The Wardrobe: Compared to The Bible1864 Words   |  8 PagesC.S. Lewis’s The Lion, The Witch, and The Wardrobe: Compared to The Bible C.S. Lewis wrote The Lion, The Witch, and The Wardrobe because he wanted to write a children’s book â€Å"as a gift for his godchild† (Palmer). It began for him with a series of pictures that came into his mind. â€Å"Lewis stated, ‘Everything began with images; a faun carrying an umbrella, a queen on a sledge, a magnificent lion† (Kennedy). A fairy tale was forming in his mind and â€Å"‘At first there wasnt anything Christian aboutRead MoreIntroduction : How ve He Do That?10829 Words   |  44 Pagesyou’re reading with certain aspects of many different literary works you’ve read along the way. Not only does this bring depth into the work for your better understanding of the â€Å"big idea† but also makes it a more enjoyable read. â€Å"Whenever I read a new work, I spin the mental Rolodex looking for correspondences and corollaries—where have I seen his face, don’t I know that theme?† (Foster pg. xxvii) I find that memory, symbol, and pattern are especially helpful when I am reading lengthy and confusing

Program Impact Act Against Aids Essay - 1715 Words

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Collaborative Partnerships and Contributions All campaigns, programs or intervention initiatives are dependent on the strength and support of stakeholders. In the absence of such cooperative bonds, the achievement of objectives cannot come to fruition. With that said, â€Å"one of the most exciting aspects of AAA is the leadership role prominent national non-profits are taking in reaching their communities with life-saving HIV prevention messages† (CDC, 2013, p. 3). Act Against AIDS achieves such results throughShow MoreRelatedAcquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome : A Deadly Infectious Disease Caused By Human Immunodeficiency Virus Essay1352 Words   |  6 Pagesand their management is yet to be discovered. Acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a deadly infectious disease caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) that enfeebles the immune system increasing the risk of infections. 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It was enacted in 1935 and initially established a pension system for old people based on employer and employee contributions. Changes to this policy later extended the system to include other dependent groups such as children and the disabled. This policyRead MoreHow Theories Of Education Have Changed Thought The Years1647 Words   |  7 Pageschildhood theories have changed so much though the years based on a diverse multicultural world and new laws to protect students, have been put into place to aid these children. Research that was taken back in the 1900 containing educational theories were all in competition with each other in their field. Students at that time, were meant to act with self-discipline and own motivation. Those theories were researched for that time period. Society is always changing as a whole. It is reflecting on the

Personal Views Ethics Free Essays

u01a1 Personal Views Ethics Essay Each person should live with moral standards. To distinguish between the right and wrong is based on the person’s ethics. It describes what kind of values and beliefs does the person has. We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Views Ethics or any similar topic only for you Order Now In business, it composed of standard ethics that serves as a guideline among employees about their expectation to the company. Newell S. stated that ethics in business focuses on identifying the moral standards of right and wrong as they apply to behaviour within and across business institutions and other related organizations. The goal of business is to gain profit but, the fair practices they implement internally and externally matters because the values they represents reflects the ethics of the company. Rajeeve stated that the lack of business ethics in the market is the reason the world economy is presently in crisis. Unethical practices such as dishonesty, lack of transparency, creating false documents, and sexual discrimination are activities that are not fair. A Quick Ethics Test from Dayton Fandray of Raytheon Company was chosen to distinguish the ethical values of the person when faced in dilemmas. Consider the following article: Drawbacks of Business Ethics It includes the information about legalities, the affected person of such case, fitting of right values, the appearance in newspaper, its reflection on the company, the choice of being right and the feeling towards the result (Salopek J. , 2001). Through this test, the company can assess the capabilities of their employees in terms of ethical thinking. A concrete briefing about the company’s ethics is needed as a recommendation after the assessment. This test is valid to develop the employee’s ability in decision making against the company’s policy and procedures, regulations, values and self- The effects of ethics in Business perspective. When an employee turns to a gray decision situation, reflecting through this test is essentially help before proceeding. Myths of Business Ethics Ketz, E. (2003) stated that many myths exist in the business world. He lay out seven ethics and five were further discussed in the following section. The first myth given is about the non-existence of business ethics. Principles of ethics were come from the personal life. The correlation of ethics to the aspects of life is given proof and justifiable than the business ethics itself. The value of honesty is adapted from the person’s character and applied in the business policy. Ethics is a matter of education alone. This explains that those who are educated are the only one who has ethics. But, most unethical people in the business world came from the prestigious universities. Responsibility for ethical education rests with colleges and universities. This myth emphasizes that colleges and universities are accountable for the training of ethics of such person. To clarify this, ethics is learn through one’s belief and shape by the experiences gain. The behaviour or attitude reflects the character of the person as a whole. Ethics is different from mathematics that needs to be computed or English that needs to be grammatically correct. The effects of ethics Business Ethical dilemmas are episodic. This myth explains that ethical problems comes only occasionally during one’s life. Ethical dilemmas are not planned. It came out unexpectedly and the frequent encounter of it doesn’t count. It doesn’t have limits on how many times it will come to the person’s live. Professional ethics can be separated from personal ethics. This myth is not true. The ethics of such person reflects with its own character. The way the person presents himself whether in the business or personal aspects of his life is the same. Decision Making Ethics in business serves as a guide to employees to give confidence in their decision. It equips them tools and references that will help in decision making. It established unified rules and belief that will entrust each employee to help each other towards the goal of the company. Effective leaders in the company influence the factors of the success against the endeavours. They are the key decision maker. The person in this position should have strong character and principles that will not oppose to the company’s unified ethics. They are the people who are personally ethical in word, thought, and deed and who conduct their decision making openly so that they’re perceived as ethical even from a distance. In a corporation, the decision maker varies from the higher position to the lower. There are different areas of expertise divided into different department. Decisions about prospective The effects of ethics in Business Clients were under the jurisdiction of sales department and not with the finance group. There are boundaries and responsibility within their own people. The leader of each group evaluates certain cases, reacts and form a solution based on company’s ethics. Conclusion Having a business ethics is important. Chen E. emphasizes the code of ethics symbolizes the ethical responsibilities of the company and the expectations of its employees. It serves a guide to the employees and the company as well. The success of the company varies with the ethics they have. And the ethics are based to the people involved in the organization who run and facilitate the business. Ethics are not made for displays but, for application with purpose. The challenge of being ethical an unethical in the business world has been raised. Despite the rampant unethical leaders in different industries, one of the objective can possess is the elimination of unethical business leader as start with ourselves. It can serves as a model to other beginners and will lessen the possible add- ons. The other objective or expectation for this course is to learn more in depth about the different business ethics among different companies. The issues and lawsuit tendered can be the case for justification and reference. The last expectation is to finally adapt or embrace the business ethics in the concept of being a future leader or businessman/women. References Chen E. Main Principles of Business Ethics. Retrieved from http://ezinearticles. com/? Main-Principles-of-Business-Ethicsid=4502579 Ketz, E. 2003) The Accounting Cycle: Myths about Ethics. Retrieved from http://accounting. smartpros. com/x38366. xml Newell S. Business Ethics Q finance. Retrieved from http://www. qfinance. com/contentFiles/QF02/g1xtn5q6/12/2/business-ethics. pdf Rajeev L. Ethical and Unethical Business Practices. Retrieved from http://www. buzzle. com/articles/ethical-and-unethical-business-practices. html Salopek J. , (July 2001) Right Thing – business ethics. Retrieved from http://findarticles. com/p /articles/mi_m4467/is_7_55/ai_77713888/pg_3/? tag=content;col1 How to cite Personal Views Ethics, Essay examples

Case Study Drugs affecting the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

Question: Describe about the Case Study for Drugs affecting the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract? Answer: 1. Mrs. Johnson is taking the medicine because she is suffering from the gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Metoclopramide is a drug for mainly stomach and oesophageal ailments. It helps in the contraction in the upper portion of the digestive tract. It also decreases heartburn caused by GERD. So she is being treated with the medicine. 2. The important patient variables here are heartburn, and the side effects of the drug Metoclopramide that she is taking like nausea, sleeplessness and anxiety. 3. Nurse can help to optimize treatment by monitoring pharmacodynamic markers. With a flexible approach to drug and dosage selection, it should be possible to manage GERD in an effective manner. 4. The patient is having heartburn that is not severe. Patient has shown side effect towards the medication Metoclopramide. Patient has shown sleeplessness, nausea, and anxiety. Since patient shown side effects towards the medication and the heartburn type is not serious the patients case. The patient can take antacids because they can stop the heartburn and treat quickly to the symptoms of GERD. The patient also can get treatment of Histamine type 2 receptor antagonists. This treatment can cause the stomach to produce fewer acids. And will lower the heartburn. The patient can also get treated by proton pump inhibitors. That can also reduce the heat burn. The patient should follow a change in lifestyle. 5. Since the patient has shown side effects for the drugs she may take antacids for a quick relief and with very little minimum side effects. The side effects for H2RA s may be a headache, constipation, nausea. PPIs can show side effects like a pain in the abdomen, vomiting, nausea, and diarrhoea. PPIs can increase the chance of getting infections inside intestine or lungs.PPI s can also increase the tendency of breaking a bone. 6. To maximize the therapeutic effects it is must important that the patient should follow to maintain a healthy lifestyle, a healthy diet, do regular exercise, taking proper rest and quit alcohol. The patient should avoid eating foods that may increase her heartburn or hard to digest. Also the patient should take proper medications or other alternatives such as antacids, 7. The patient should undergo the therapies properly under the supervision of the nurse. Avoid foods that can increase the ailment. The patient should avoid eating any food before going to bed. The patient should quit alcohol to get the benefit of the therapy. The patient should undergo the treatment that has minimal side effects. 8. The patient should treat properly for her continuous heartburns. If that remain unchecked, then she may get into serious health issues. She should avoid the eating foods that may trigger heartburns. She should follow a healthy lifestyle and avoid drinking alcohol during treatment. The following tests such as Endoscopy, oesophageal pH monitoring and manometry of the patient could help better in the treatment process. The test oesophageal pH monitoring can help to find out if the patient requires surgical treatment or not.

How Societies Are Affecting the Ecology of Kenya

Introduction Ecology is a branch of science that entails the distribution of all living organisms and their interactions with the environment. Human ecology which is the main concern in this paper entails the study of human beings and how they interact with the natural environment.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on How Societies Are Affecting the Ecology of Kenya specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The activities in which human beings are involved affect the ecology of the given region in different ways depending on the effects of the activities involved. This paper looks into how the societies are affecting the ecology of Kenya which is the country of choice giving an insight on the effects on the availability of the natural resources to the people, the initial mode of livelihood and the changes that have occurred and finally the environmental problems facing Kenya as a country and the possible solutions. How the Geo graphy and Geology of Kenya Has Influenced the Availability of Resources to the People Geology is the study of aspects of the earth including the materials from which it is made up, the composition of the materials as well as the processes that act upon the materials. Geography on the other hand is the study of the earth and all its features including the distribution of life and how human activity affects this. Kenya is a small country in Africa and has a majority of natural resources which include wildlife, hydropower, limestone, soda ash, zinc, diatomite, salt, gemstones, fluorspar, and gypsum among others. The geography and geology of the country has influenced the availability of resources to the residents in a number of ways for example the people closer to the sources or the mines containing the natural resources such as the minerals or oil are in a better position to access the resources as compared to those far away who have to incur some extra costs in the event of having the resources. The exploitation and misuse also affect the availability of the resources to the people. The availability of resources is usually dynamic and dependent on the patterns used the conservations policies that govern the resources. The Main Historical Mode of Livelihood for the Kenyan People Kenyan people have for a long period of time depended on agriculture as the main source of livelihood. Agriculture has also been the leading contributor to the country’s economy despite the fact that only a small percentage of the country’s total land is linked with adequate rainfall and sufficient fertility levels. There has however been gradual changes in the sources of livelihood for the Kenyan people for example in the year 2006, the number of Kenyans depending on farming was estimated to be 75 percent which is a declined as compared to the 80 percent that earned their living from agriculture in 1980. This is due to productivity decline associated with agriculture whi ch is heavily dependent on climate more specifically rainfall.Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This makes some parts of Kenya more appropriate for agricultural practices as compared to others due to the climate differences; changes in weather leads to the shift to other sources of livelihood such as business and industrialization. Kenya has experienced landslides, droughts and floods which have disrupted the agriculture industry. A good example is the El Nino of 1997-1998, which paralyzed agriculture in Kenya (Mutugi and Maingi, 2011). How the Current Practices and Patterns of Living, Working and Consuming Are Impacting On the Local and Global Environment Human beings are the major elements that are associated with both the positive and negative impacts on the environment. This is through the practices people are involved in with respect to how they live, work and their ge neral consumption patterns. The increase in population growth, for instance, has had lots of adverse effects on the environment as it is linked with the encroachment of the marginal areas as the number of people exceeds the available land, it also leads to over consumption of natural resources for example the forests as sources of fuel and in the long run leads to pollution due to production of waste products e.g. through charcoal burning. The lack of dependence on agriculture and shift to other sectors has also led to rural urban migration which affects the environment adversely due to inadequate water and sanitation services, deterioration of transport systems and shortage of appropriate housing facilities. All these factors lead to pollution (air, soil and water) and land degradation. Human modifications to the environment have led to loss of wildlife, acid rains, the depletion of the ozone layer due to excess pollution, and deforestation which destroys biodiversity. Industrializ ation and modernization have been deemed to have adverse effects on the environment for instance deterioration of the quality of air caused by the emissions from industries and plants as well as vehicles. The wastes from industries also affect the quality of water as in most cases; they are directed to the rivers. The utilization of fossils as a source of energy has led to depletion of natural resources and global warming due to green house gases. Some of the positive modifications entails construction of water sources for instance dams to the arid areas, indulgence in reforestation activities and enhancement of agricultural practices for instance through utilization of aspects like irrigation (Gottlieb, 2004). The Most Pressing Environmental Issues Facing the Country and Possible Solutions Kenya is facing a number of environmental issues most of which have been as a result of the human influence to the environment. Some of the issues include; desertification, deforestation, soil er osion, shortages in water supply in a variety of regions, unmonitored garbage disposal, endangered wildlife species, famine and drought poor quality of air and water, and pollution among others. Acidification in soils and the presence of acid rains is also a major environmental issue of concern in Kenya.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on How Societies Are Affecting the Ecology of Kenya specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The solutions to the environmental problems are specific to individual problem in question for instance the problem of soil erosion could be eliminated through improved land use for instance employment of techniques like terrace construction, tillage practices and tree planting. Recycling of waste materials, prevention of oil spills, prevention of emissions, avoiding deforestation are some of the ways of reducing pollution. Afforestation and reforestation are good practices that help counter the effe cts of deforestation. Campaign and education programs aimed at instilling the importance of conserving the environment among the Kenyans is a positive step towards reducing the negative effects of human activity on the environment as the people will be enlightened and therefore work towards safeguarding the environment for their own good and for the sake of the generations to come. Establishment and implementation of laws and policies to govern the utilization of the environment is also an effective way of safeguarding the environment as people will be held responsible and accountable for their negative contributions towards the environment hence reducing the chances of degradation (International Institute for Environment Development, 2000). Reference List Gottlieb, S.R. (2004). The Sacred Earth: Religion, Nature, Environment. New York: Routledge International Institute for Environment Development (2000). Sustainable Cities Revisited III – 7060iied. United Kingdom: IIED Mut ugi, W.M and Maingi, G.S. (2011). Disasters in Kenya: A Major Public Health Concern. Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology Vol. 3(1), pp. 38-42. This essay on How Societies Are Affecting the Ecology of Kenya was written and submitted by user Trace C. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Make a Slushy Instantly With Soda and Supercooling

Make a Slushy Instantly With Soda and Supercooling Cool off and amaze your friends by making any soft drink or soda turn into a slushy on command. Heres how to do this fun and refreshing supercooled science project. Instant Slushy Materials Soft drinkFreezer Any soda or soft drink works for this, but it works especially well with 16-ounce or 20-ounce carbonated soft drinks. Its also easiest to use a beverage in a plastic bottle. If you dont have access to a freezer, you can use a large container of ice. Sprinkle salt on the ice to make it extra cold. Cover the bottle with the ice. Make a Soda Drink Slushy This is the same principle as supercooling water, except the product is more flavorful. Heres what you do with a carbonated soda, such as a bottle of cola: Start with a room temperature soda. You could use any temperature, but its easy to get a handle on how long it takes to supercool the liquid if you know your approximate starting temperature.Shake up the bottle and place it in a freezer. Do not disturb the soda while it is chilling or else it will simply freeze.After about three to three and a half hours, carefully remove the bottle from the freezer. Each freezer is a little different, so you may need to adjust the time for your conditions.There are a couple of different ways to initiate freezing. You could open the cap to release pressure, reseal the bottle, and simply turn the soda upside down. This will cause it to freeze in the bottle. You could gently open the bottle, releasing pressure slowly, and pour the soda into a container, causing it to freeze into slush while you pour. Pour the drink over an ice cube to get it to freeze. Another option is to slowly pour the soda into a clean cup, keeping it liquified. Drop a piece of ice into the soda to initiate freezing. Here, you can watch the crystals form outward from the ice cube. Play with your food! Try other drinks to see what works best for you. Note that some alcoholic drinks dont work for this project because the alcohol lowers the freezing point too much. However, you can get this trick to work with beer and wine coolers. Using Cans You can make instant slush in cans, too, but it is a bit trickier because you cant see what is going on inside the can and the opening is smaller and harder to crack without jarring the liquid. Freeze the can and very gently crack the seal to open it. This method may take some finesse, but it works. How Supercooling Works Supercooling any liquid is chilling it below its normal freezing point without turning it into a solid. Although sodas and other soft drinks contain ingredients besides water, these impurities are dissolved in the water, so they dont provide nucleation points for crystallization. The added ingredients do lower the freezing point of water (freezing point depression), so you need a freezer that gets well below 0 degrees C or 32 degrees F. When you shake up a can of soda before freezing it, youre trying to eliminate any large bubbles that could act as sites for ice formation.

Notion of Disciplinary Societies and Societies of Control Essay

Notion of Disciplinary Societies and Societies of Control - Essay Example Various ways of control are done as laws are not the only means of it but also through rewards and punishment (Deleuze 1995, p. 5). People who show exemplary values to the society by following the laws and doing their duties for the society are rewarded. On the other hand, violators face the consequence of their actions as they receive the punishment. Punishments are then penalized in various ways and in different degrees. Bribes and stealing may be penalized by lighter sanctions like less than a year of spending time inside the jail or by fines. Higher degrees of crimes are punishable by the law via life sentence and even death penalty (Foucault 1977, p. 130). Another way of prevention of those crimes is through discipline. It is primarily taught at school as the learners must learn the value of self-control. Other programs are even conducted by the government to ensure the proliferation of discipline among the people in the society. It is a good way of preventing crimes from becomi ng widespread. It also serves as a way of control though it may not be a direct approach. The time nowadays seems to pass by quickly as changes happen almost everyday. The technology advancement accelerates at the speed of information that leads to the creation of the digital age. Information is primarily an important entity for that age as geographical boundaries have been overcome by the geniuses of the people. Networks and computers are now used for education, business and collaboration across fields of interests as people have seen the vast potential of the technology (Best, 2010, p. 6). Internet has proven to be a cost-effective way of advertising and conducting businesses as companies both big and small are able to reach out to a wider range of audience and potential market as they do not need to physically go to other faraway locations just to conduct their businesses. Education also benefits from the technology of the worldwide web as students are able to study anytime and a nywhere. It serves as a good form of education especially for the working class. Through online classrooms, multimedia supported web pages and online forums, students are able to study in a flexible manner. Despite of those advantages, the growing popularity and use of internet has posed various risks especially to the security of people. Their identities are transmitted through the interconnected wires and sensitive data are shared. Sometimes it may become the source for frauds, scams and even national threats (Agre, 1994, p. 102). It may pose a big risk to the liberties of the individuals and nations alike. In particular, two concepts will be discussed deeply in the paper based upon the notions of the two authors namely Michel Foucault and Gilles Deleuze. Foucault wrote about the discipline in the society through his work Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison while Deleuze wrote about the societal control through his work Postscript on the Society of Control. Both concept s will be compared and contrast and analyzed regarding their implications to the current state of the society where mobile phones, computers and internet are widely-used. The concept of discipline in the society as depicted by Foucault showed the starting point of control and how the society deals with crimes. The society was once

Family and egalitrarian partnership with a family nurse Essay

Family and egalitrarian partnership with a family nurse - Essay Example The family also comprises of various individuals with dissimilar personalities; hence, uniqueness of each household. In the research study compiled by Bell (2009), family therapy by an egalitarian nurse is one that is aimed at sustaining and promoting health to those suffering from particular infections. This is an suggestion that family therapy is one that makes sure the broad well being of the family is put under examination as well as proviso of maintenance skills on a long term basis. On another viewpoint, it would be reasonable to indicate that some family conditions may be a simpler sign of what the entire family goes through. Dealing with the infection on an individual perspective, in this case, is an indication that the syndrome is dealt with on behalf of the family, which is not obliging. This explains why there is need to deal with the infection on the family level not the person, which is only possible through the help of an egalitarian family nurse. Services offered by a family nurse can, therefore, be indicated to break the sequence of recurrence of various conditions in the individuals. As a result, family nurses offer proper assessment and handling of family infections, a feature which reduces the effects of an individual affecting the entire family. A good example would be psychotherapy on one person in the family who is diabetic. Certainly, the whole family benefits if therapy is administered effectively by the family nurse. This essay shall aim at emphasizing that families are in the best position to decide their own health goals and to accomplish them through identifying and further developing their potency as an egalitarian partner with a family nurse. This means that the family members are free and are not restricted to inquire or interact with the nurse regarding their medical condition. Fundamentally, this work shall focus on bringing out the view that family nurses have been of huge benefit in dealing with family infections. Body In the argument by Bell (2009), family nurses have a chance to proficiently assess the family as a unit. The care offered at the family level has been termed as one that targets all the participants in the family unit, which is inclusive of the members of the family, the whole family and the cultural systems that surround the relations (Bomar, 2004). An analysis of these structural systems that surround the family, a democratic relationship between the family and the family nurse allows for open interaction in the course of offering medical help; and consequently, possibility for appropriate health interventions. The family, can in this instance, be interpreted as a complex unit that needs long-term intervention. On another point of view, Bell (2009) emphasizes that the relationship between the family nurse and the family members becomes a collaborative one, since the nurse believes in the legitimacy of the structural component of the family. The kind of therapy that is being offered by th is clinician at this moment is one that is directed towards ensuring the family becomes competent in administering the therapy proposed, as opposed to the general care that is more directed to pathology (Bell, 2009). Additionally, the family members feel that the nurse and the family members believe that information on the family is in safe hands, hence respect between the two parties (Bell, 2009). Confidence in the family nurse is reinstated as the family members

Performance Objectives At The Dell Company

Performance Objectives At The Dell Company Dell is concerned about the satisfaction of the customers requirements. The company is also having an eye on the price factor. Furthermore Dell is helping its own suppliers to improve the services they are offering to the company. In regards to Dell, here are the basic five performance objectives of Dell. This includes Quality, Speed. Dependability, Flexibility, Cost (Slack, N. Et al, 2001) The performance objectives in accordance to the company Dell. Quality Doing the things in the right way by providing the error free goods and services, which will satisfy the needs of customers, is known as the quality. According to many case studies, IBM products are ranked as the top of the year in the third party customer surveys. Dell Assembling and manufacturing process covers assembly and software installation of the computer system, also it includes the functional testing and quality control. Most of the company operations are done in house to measure and keep the quality high. Speed The second performance objective is the speed, which means that by doing things fastly is the key feature of the best companies. It also covers to minimise the time between the order and the availability of the product or service that the customer a speed advantage. The techniques of Dell are focused to the operations that have reduced complexity by using simple and small process which have reduced complexity. By arranging layout and flow to enhance simplicity improves speed of production. As the era of machines have minimised the working of the human beings. So the company Dell is using the most advanced and simple means of building and assembling the computers. Dependability Dependability is another performance objective of operations. It means that doing things in time for customers to receive the goods or the services when their delivery is promised. The Dell process includes Just-in- time (JIT) production system. To get the good result Dell is holding the multi skilled workers to cope up with its daily business operations. At Dell improving quality and efficiency is a concern for the managers and the technical staff and all other concerned employees. By doing this, Dell is giving a dependability advantage to its customers. Flexibility Dell have the philosophy of responding to the dynamic environment is that organization change their products and services the way do the business. This performance objective is known as flexibility. A clear result of responding to a dynamic environment is that organisation change their products and services and changes the way they do business. This performance objective is known as flexibility. According to research that we must learn to love change and develop flexible and responsive organizations to cope with the dynamic business environments (Peters, T., 1998) In the company Dell, the manufacturing means the ability to adopt its efficient resources so that it can develop new products. On contrary IBM was able to achieve high level of flexibility, producing relatively small batches of different products with little or no loss of productivity and quality. During the past years Dell, has provided range of options that customers are able to choose the example is customised computer system, which user can modify the parts according to their own needs by going on the website of Dell. Cost One of the major Dell operations objectives is to remain the low cost producer. Particularly the companies are competing on the pries is the cost factor. As the low price is the universal attraction for the customers, which can be achieved at producing the low cost. In order to do things cheaply, Dell is looking to be the low cost provider of goods and services. So already the company have planned and on other hand got some operations majorly in china where the cheap labour is available and the factors of production like resources physically available to be remained the low cost producer. Also internally, cost performance is helped by good performance in the other performance objectives that Dell has managed to produce high quality computers at a reasonable price. By improving the quality, speed, dependability, flexibility and cost operations performance, Dell is a global growth and high percentage of customer satisfaction. Because of the success in the production by using the Just-in-time system of manufacturing and developments, Dell is world known brand. Dell is world leader in supply chain management and it keeps the production cost down with the high quality, maximum speed, on time delivery, flexibility. Dell has the supplies from those companies which are also the market leader in the computer industry. Dell has shifted its operations to different countries like china, Korea and Taiwan in search of the cheap input (raw material and labour). This makes easier for Dell to produce products at a lower cost. Operating continuously gives dependability advantage to its customers by making it easy to deliver its production in the market palace. Using these operations objectives Del has managed to keep its customers happy and compete successfully with other companies in global market. Analysing these characteristics we can say that Dell is a world class company Quality Management Tools at Dell The company Dell is following the Japanese philosophy of lean manufacturing and Just-in-time system which is enabling the company to be the fastest growing company in the Technology market. The basic concept of this system is to reduce the waste and increase the productivity, side by side this system have the efficiency that it reduce the labour cost by cutting the idle working hours for the production of a particular product. Dell computer is participating in both of the above activities and that is why they are the industry leaders. Dell Company has got a warehouse space at their manufacturing plant in which suppliers keep parts directly on site which is a quintessential JIT layout. Further to this the company is using the JIT for its inventories purpose where they are keeping all the inventories for only four days and this is how they are solving the supply chain problems. On the other hand Del is maintaining the Just In Time inventory level as it is a part of JIT scheduling. By introducing such systems Dell Company is working to reduce inventory to the lowest possible working levels. Secondly by introducing such systems Dell is adjusting its schedule of ordering and delivering the computer systems. This is also filling the gap of communication both up and down of supply chain management. The word partnership is the only key to success for making JIT truly working. A firm particularly cannot implement the JIT system by itself. It must be having a complete cooperation with its supply chain. The company have successfully implemented the concept of JIT. For that reasons Dell have particularly formed and nurtured a demanding relationship with its partners. That is why Dell and its suppliers are working a one company. Why Dell is the best example of JIT, because Dell has its suppliers store raw materials directly at the manufacturing plants. The whole scenario of lean manufacturing can be shown in the diagram below: (www.dynarax.es) The other concepts of Just In Time system also needed to be introduced if the company is going for the lean manufacturing systems. The first thing that Dell makes is the rule of continuous improvement in its processes and products by means of quality and for production efficiency is another tool for that. To achieve its best Dell is always looking for the innovative ways to solve problems and increase focus on the quality of its suppliers. Dell believes that all are the cornerstones of JIT system. On the other hand Dell is working its best to the workforce to get indulge them into the JIT system. The company have the philosophy that without the dedication of the workforce, any invention will fail. On contrary Dell is using the simple way to achieve workforce commitment. Dell is providing the facility of training its employees outside their work environments and business functions and also company is helping them to increase the problem solving ability. Dell also believes that by practicing the above exercise the firm is empowering and giving the employees an overall view of the entire Dell operations, not just their single job. By doing this dell is supporting from the management side also they are increasing the resources to solve problems and an increase in employee roles and responsibilities. The workforce automatically feels empowered and works to make Just In Time a success for the business of Dell. Benefits to Dell Following are benefits which Dell has achieved so far by implementing the JIT system in its operations. JIT enabled Dell to be cost effective, more efficient and customer responsive. It enabled the company to purchase and store the components just before they are needed in the assembly line. This is how Dell is cutting the cost of housing and managing the idle parts of computers. The company Dell enabled its suppliers to store their products in the Dell owned warehouses near to the assembling plants which is enabling Dell to produce double as compared to its production in past. Dells keep the inventory for only four days; this is enabling the firm in operating context the size and the production technology management. JIT enabling the company to remain dealing with its other operation and process of production rather to stuck with inventory that may become obsolete. Dell is also enabled with the waste management system by introducing the JIT system. JIT In Practice Dell is a well known brand which is operating in the business of Technology. This is a only company that is effectively utilising Just in time system. Dell has the revolution of selling the personal computer system using the direct business model. According to this model Dell is taking the orders directly from the customers. This is how they are reducing the inventory and managing the distribution of its products. According to this model Dell start assembling the product when they receive the customer order. For this particular purpose Dell have introduced the pull system within the supply chain. A pull system is a reactive system, it start responding when customers order something from the company. This unique system is making Dell to remain competitive with in the industry on computer systems. The company Dell use to keep their inventory for a week almost. This is providing Dell with a time to market its product as a market leader. Also it is enabling the customers to get the fresh, latest and greatest technology of processors and all associated operating system currently introduced in the market. The minimal inventory helps Dell with the economic advantage. Because according to a research the value of the computer components and manufacturing material declines about one percent per week. The one week inventory system also minimises a customers ability to change their desires before they receive their product. The company Dell is using the JIT system which is resulting in the cost saving, superior customers satisfaction, limited waste and the ability to provide their suppliers with more information. In the end it is making Dell an industry leader and the company which holds minimal inventory (www.academicmind.com) Conclusion While concluding the report for Dell, it is important to say that there are many factors which ar enabling the company to be an effective organization and the operations objectives and the JIT system of manufacturing is also allowing the company to remain as the market leader in the computer industry.

Nursery Rhymes Essay

So here I am, really scared and nervous, but here’s a secret my mum told me, adults are just as anxious talking in public, the trick is to picture everyone in clown suits; my Apa’s red nose really suits her. Hmm, my speech is supposed to be humorous and as a 6 year old nothing is more hilarious as old nursery rhymes I mean can you really picture a huge egg perched on a wall, and why on earth did the king send his army to help humpty when maybe a chef would’ve done instead. Again, why on earth was the king involved? Then you get insy wincy, for being a spider he wasn’t a very bright spark. He firstly climbed up a water spout.. let’s see, cloudy day, water sprout..rain..light bulb..ting†¦but no, he goes and climbs up the spout. Again next time use the wall, he must have been a male, duh.. We pass the old age home every day on our way to school. I always feel sorry for these poor people; I mean how can people leave their mom’s there. But then I think about the old women who lived in a shoe.. Now that’s really sad, sure do hope it’s a really big shoe. Nursery rhymes are really silly, but if you can’t beat them join them. There’s my version: There was an old woman who lived in a shoe. The place was disgusting and smelled like pee-ewe! The windows were drafty. The roof was a leaker. But that’s what you get When you live in a sneaker. Humpty Dumpty sat in a tree. Humpty Dumpty got stung by a bee. He fell out and hit his head, and now he thinks his name is â€Å"Fred.† The tighty-whity spider went down the waterslide. Got a water wedgie halfway down the ride. Jumped up and screamed and ran around in pain. Now the tighty-whity spider will not do that again.

Psychological Bases of the Learning Process Essay

I. Introduction The nature of the learning process has been studied by psychologists and physiologists. Many experiments have been performed and the literature on the subject is voluminous. There has been continual progress in exploring what is not known about learning. Each year sees new discoveries hew hypotheses. Some proposed hypotheses were proven wrong and some older discoveries were made eligible for major modification. Subjecting individuals and classes to scientific measurements has lifted certain phases of learning from the realm of speculation to the realm of science. At present, there is no comprehensive theory concerning all aspects of learning. There is considerable disagreement about the language to be used in describing learning. Different writers hold conflicting positions on the degree of specificity of generality appropriate in talking about learning (Baxter Magolda, 2000). The science of psychology is of significance for the light that it throws upon the nature of the learning process and upon the conditions most favourable to learning. Many other sciences have contributed a great deal to an understanding of the nature of the learning process and to the principal issues involved in the education of boys and girls. For example, sociology, physiology, biology, and biochemistry have added much to the improvement of educational procedures. In order to understand the teaching process, the students or the teacher must first know something about the learning process concerns the teacher no less than the pupils. Although the teacher cannot do the actual learning for the pupil, he can facilitate learning through effective teaching. Effective teaching and learning demand mutual understanding between teacher and learner. It is imperative, therefore, that the nature of the learning process be clearly understood by the teachers so that the instructional activities may proceed in accordance with the basic factors of normal learning. It is apparent that of the teachers do not know how learning takes place they will not be able to accomplish in directing and guiding the learning activities of the pupils (Woodworth, 2004). They should know not only how learning takes place, but also how activities of the pupils are sufficiently and effectively directed to bring about the desired growth and development of the pupils. Thesis Statement:   Ã‚  This study intends to: (1) develop the ability to understand the meaning of the learning process; (2) develop the ability to understand the major laws if learning and their application to teaching; (3) to acquaint the students with the different factors which affect learning and: (4) develop an understanding of the psychological principles of learning. II. Discussion A. Learning from different point of view As in other areas of science there are, in the field of learning, various theories which attempt to explain its basic processes. Both in method and conclusion these theories have differed greatly, for they have sharply focused attention on only certain aspects of the total learning process. As a consequence, the behaviour which various experimenters and teachers have observed has been different. These various experimental studies have led to several ways of looking at the process of learning. Each has attempted to derive basic principles. At present time, however, it would be unwise for a teacher to adopt any one method as the way. Dealing with complex human learning demands that one give attention to all aspects of learning process (Gates, 2003). A fundamental aspect of the present conception of learning is its meaning. The meaning of the learning process, explained from different point of views, is given as follows. 1. Learning from the point of view of the Mind Theory— This theory of the Faculty psychology was formulated by Christian Wolff in 1731. This doctrine held that the mind has mental powers or faculties, such as memory, reason, judgment, attention, will observation, and the like, each of which functions as a separate entity that can be improved through exercise or use. For example, faculty psychologists believed that the strengthening of memory could be achieved through the memorization of long and difficult passages.   Such exercise was assumed to develop in the learner the power to remember well whatever material by which he later might be stimulated. According to the mind theory, all learning is training of the mind and developing the powers of its faculties. The believers of this theory assume that exercise of these powers in one area of content makes one more competent in the use of these same powers with other materials (Stephens, 2001). 2. Learning from the viewpoint of Connectionist’s Theory— This theory refers to the famous stimulus-response or S-R bond theory advanced by Thorndike. This point of view is based on the concepts that bonds or connections between situations and responses. The basis of learning is association between sense impression and impulses to action. This point of view, learning occurs through a change in the connection between a particular stimulus and a response, thus this theory regards a connection as the key to the understanding of the learning process. To the connectionists, the stimulus-response (S-R) explanation of learning covers all types of learning. This point of view is based on the old synaptic resistance theory. The S-R bond theory is now known as S-O-R theory (Woodworth, 2004). 3. Learning from the viewpoint of Behaviourism—Learning from the Behaviourist’s point of view, refers to the building up of conditioned reflexes or habit formation resulting from conditioning. According to Watson, conditioned reflex is central to learning as the unit out of which habits are formed. Watson used Pavlov’s experiments as the epitome of learning and made of the condition reflex as the unit of habit, and built his system on that foundation (Woodworth, 2004). 4. Learning from the viewpoint of the Gestaltists— Gestalt mean pattern, shape, form, or configuration. It implies that a set of stimulating circumstances takes place according to the relative value of various stimuli acting at the same time. This point of view recognizes that the whole is more than the sum of its parts, or that the whole gets its meaning from the parts. It can be seen that the parts can be understood only in relation to one another and that this relationship is determined by the nature of the whole (Stephens, 2001). 5. Learning from the viewpoint of the Progressivists— The concept of learning from the progressivists’ point of view is in conformity with the integrative point of view which is based on Gestalt theory of learning. Both recognize the importance of the learner in the learning process, his interests, his attitudes, and above all, his ability to utilize the past experiences in meeting new situations. Both believe that there is no substitute for experience in the process. Likewise, learning is conceived by both in terms of total growth of the child rather than the mastery of the subject-matter or change in behaviour. Both views are complementary and supplementary to each other (Stephens, 2001). B. The Major Laws of Learning Learning, whether it be that of an animal or of a human being, goes on in accordance with the laws of life. Improvement in teaching and learning can scarcely be made without a careful recognition of laws and principles upon which to base any valuable structure for the betterment of the learners. The results of experiments on learning have been generalized and stated as laws of learning. The laws of learning are attempts to state the more fundamental conditions favourable to the learning process. There is need for laws whether it be in a certain fields of knowledge, a particular course of study, or in the learning process itself. They are designed to make learning a continuous process of development when properly handled and controlled. The more the teacher understands the laws and conditions of learning, the more fully he brings his knowledge into relationship with the situation in the classroom, and the better and more effective his instruction is likely to become (Kohler, 2005). C. Factors which may affect the Learning Process It has been found out that the pupil’s difficulty in learning may be due to many factors within the child himself. Some of the important factors which may affect the learning process are as follows: 1. Intellectual factor—The term refers to the individual mental level. Success in school is generally closely related to the level of the intellect. Pupils with low intelligence often encounter serious difficulty in mastering schoolwork. Sometimes pupils do not learn because of special intellectual disabilities. A low score in one subject and his scores in other subjects indicate the possible presence of a special deficiency. Psychology reveals to us that an individual possesses different kind of intelligence. Knowledge of the nature of the pupils’ intellect is of considerable value in the guidance and the diagnosis of disability (Lashley, 2004). 2. Learning factors— Factors owing to lack of mastery of what has been taught, faulty methods of work or study, and narrowness of experimental background may affect the learning process of any student. If the good school proceeds to rapidly and does not constantly check up on the extent to which the student is mastering what is being taught, the student accumulates a number of deficiencies that interfere with successful progress (Lashley, 2004). 3. Physical factors— Under this group are included such factors such as health, physical development, nutrition, visual and physical defects, and glandular abnormality. It is generally recognized that ill health retards physical and motor development, and malnutrition interfere with learning and physical growth. Children suffering from visual, auditory, and other physical defects are seriously handicapped in developing skills such as reading and spelling (Lashley, 2004). 4. Mental factors— Attitude falls under mental factors. Attitudes are made up of organic and kinaesthetic elements. They are not to be confused with emotions that are characterized by internal visceral disturbance. Attitudes are more or less of definite sort. They play a large part in the mental organization and general behaviour of the individual. Attitudes are also important in the development of personality. Among these attitudes are interest, cheerfulness, affection, prejudice, openmindedness, and loyalty. Attitudes exercise a stimulating effect upon the rate of learning and teaching and upon the progress in school (Lashley, 2004). 5. Emotional and social factors— Personal factors, such as instincts and emotions, and social factors, such as cooperation and rivalry, are directly related to a complex psychology of motivation. It is a recognized fact that the various responses of the individual to various kinds of stimuli are determined by a wide variety of tendencies. Some of these innate tendencies are constructive and others are harmful. For some reason a student may have developed a dislike for some subject because he may fail to see its value, or may lack foundation. This dislike results in a bad emotional state (Lashley, 2004). 6. Teacher’s Personality— The teacher as an individual personality is an important element in the learning environment or in the failures and success of the learner. The way in which his personality interacts with the personalities of the pupils being taught helps to determine the kind of behaviour which emerges from the learning situation. The supreme value of a teacher is not in the regular performance of routine duties, but in his power to lead and to inspire his learners through the influence of his moral personality and example (Lashley, 2004). 7. Environmental factor— Physical conditions need for learning is under environmental factor. One of the factors that affect the efficiency of learning is the condition in which learning takes place. This includes the classroom, textbooks, equipment, school supplies, and other instructional materials. In the school and at the home, the conditions for learning must be favourable and adequate if teaching is to produce the desired results. It cannot be denied that the type and quality of instructional materials and equipment play an important part in the instructional efficiency of the school (Lashley, 2004). D. Psychological Principles of Learning To teach effectively, the teacher must understand the basic principles of learning. Based on the different concepts of the learning process and the laws that govern them, the following general principles of learning are presented for guidance in teaching: 1. Learning is considered as the acquisition of knowledge, habits, skills, abilities, and attitudes through the interaction of the whole individual and his total environment (Guthrie, 2002). 2. Learning is meaningful if it is organized in such a way as to emphasize and call for understanding, insight, initiative, and cooperation. When the learner is capable of gaining insight or understanding into the learning situation, then and only then will learning take place (Guthrie, 2002). 3. Learning is facilitated by motives or drives. Needs, interests, and goals are fundamental to the learning process. If the individual has to learn, he must have some goal to be accomplished. Learning is best when the learner knows and understands his motive in learning (Guthrie, 2002). IV. Conclusion As a conclusion, learning is often confused with maturation or physical growth. It is obvious that some of the ways in which man becomes different are tied up very closely with his physical growth. Our knowledge concerning learning and the teaching process has thus undergone profound development in the last twenty-five years. Once it seemed sufficient for the educational psychologist to formulate a set of principles of learning around fairly simple concepts of exercise and effect. The teacher applied these principles through the techniques of drill, reward and punishment.   But with the development of theory and research, the psychologist has found it necessary to expand and to refine his understanding of learning with consequent important implication for teaching.

Death In The Woods - 1371 Words

A Critical Analysis of Death in the Woods ?Death in the Woods? is a story about a woman that lives a hard life. When she was a girl she worked for a German farmer and his wife. When she was a little older she married a man named Jake Grimes thinking she would get away from the crude work of the farmer. She soon finds out that life doesn?t get any better for her than it already was. Later in the story she is found dead by a rabbit hunter in the woods (Cleveland). ?Death in the Woods? seemingly concerns a farm woman, Mrs.Grimes, who, only in her early forties, seems old and probably psycotic. She doesn?t have a first name in the story, and, indeed, very little is known about her life at all in the story. It?s like no one knows who she is†¦show more content†¦Men turned these thoughts into many beautiful truths such as truth of passion, wealth and poverty. A person could then appropriate a single one of these truths and try to go by it. That is when he or she would become a grotesque. The stories in Winesburg, Ohio do grapple with Anderson?s intended theme, and a story such as ?Hands? clearly illustrates what he means by grotesque (Ellis 2). The hands belong to Wing Biddlebaum, formerly Adolph Myers, a teacher in a Pennsylvania village who was beaten and run out of town for caressing boys. Anderson Cleveland 4 is oblique about Wing?s homosexuality, for the thrust of the story. In the story ?Death in the Woods,? as a girl, Mrs. Grimes was sexually abused her German owner (Doneskey 1- 3). ?The Philosopher? provides a more subtle illustration of grotesque and introduces the idea that a grotesque need not be pitiable or tragic; in fact, he can be wildly humorous as demonstrated at the beginning of the story with the philosopher?s description (Doneskey 1-3). Anderson was interested in the development of the artist- type, the inner desires of repressed people, the failure of people to communicate their true selves; the way conventions and tradition have twisted and distorted the individual (Doneskey 1-3). Anderson wrote several versions of the tale before he felt that he had to come close to telling it adequately, and one of the most narrative devices employed inShow MoreRelatedDeath In The Woods1340 Words   |  6 PagesCritical Analysis of Death in the Woods Death in the Woods is a story about a woman that lives a hard life. When she was a girl she worked for a German farmer and his wife. When she was a little older she married a man named Jake Grimes thinking she would get away from the crude work of the farmer. She soon finds out that life doesn t get any better for her than it already was. Later in the story she is found dead by a rabbit hunter in the woods (Cleveland). 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